Oncology
🎗️ What is Oncology?
Oncology is the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer.
Doctors who specialize in this field are called Oncologists 👨⚕️👩⚕️.
Cancer occurs when cells grow uncontrollably, form tumors, and may spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.
🧬 Types of Oncology
| 🔬 Branch | 📋 Focus |
|---|
| 👨⚕️ Medical Oncology | Treats cancer with medications like chemotherapy |
| 🔥 Radiation Oncology | Uses targeted radiation to kill cancer cells |
| 🏥 Surgical Oncology | Removes tumors and nearby tissue through surgery |
| 🧒 Pediatric Oncology | Cancer care in children |
| 🧠 Hematology-Oncology | Cancers of the blood (e.g., leukemia, lymphoma) |
🧪 Common Types of Cancer
| 🎗️ Cancer Type | 📍 Affected Area |
|---|
| 💖 Breast Cancer | Breast tissue |
| 🧠 Brain Cancer | Brain/spinal cord |
| 🩸 Leukemia | Blood and bone marrow |
| 🍈 Prostate Cancer | Male reproductive gland |
| 💨 Lung Cancer | Lungs and respiratory passages |
| 🌽 Colorectal Cancer | Colon or rectum |
| 🧬 Lymphoma | Lymph nodes (immune system) |
| 🌸 Cervical/Ovarian | Female reproductive organs |
| 🍎 Liver, Pancreas | Organs involved in digestion & detox |
🔬 Cancer Detection & Diagnosis
- 🩻 Imaging: CT, MRI, PET, X-rays
- 🧪 Biopsy: Tissue sample to confirm cancer cells
- 💉 Blood Tests: Tumor markers (e.g., PSA, CA-125)
- 👁️ Endoscopy: Camera views inside the body
- 🧬 Genetic Testing: Identifies hereditary cancer risks
💊 Cancer Treatments
| 🛠️ Treatment | 📋 Description |
|---|
| 💉 Chemotherapy | Drugs to kill cancer cells |
| 🔥 Radiation | High-energy rays to target tumors |
| 🧬 Immunotherapy | Boosts immune system to fight cancer |
| 🧪 Targeted Therapy | Drugs aimed at specific cancer cell genes |
| 🏥 Surgery | Physical removal of tumors |
| 🌿 Palliative Care | Comfort-focused care to improve life quality |
🛡️ Cancer Prevention Tips
- 🚭 Avoid tobacco and smoking
- 🧴 Use sunscreen to protect skin
- 🥗 Eat a balanced, anti-inflammatory diet
- 🚶 Exercise regularly
- 🩺 Get screened regularly (mammograms, colonoscopy, PSA)
- 🍷 Limit alcohol intake
- 💉 Consider HPV and Hepatitis B vaccines
